PESARO

Pésaro, stretches out towards the sea, it extends between the hills of San Bartolo to the NorthWest and Ardizio to the SouthEast, including the old historic centre, protected from the East by the majestic Rocca Costanza and the modern City-Garden, aligned along the coast, with long tree-lined and rectilinear avenues.

Native land of Gioacchino Rossini, the City has noteworthy artistic-musical traditions: the Rossini Theatre, Rossiniano Museum, Music Conservatory, and the Institute of Art.
There is an annual festival of Rossiniane Music (the now internationally noted “Rossini Opera Festival”) and a cinematographic Exhibition.

There’s the old Pisaurum, Roman colony derived in 184 BC on the Ager Gallicus, probably on the site of a pre-existing habitation. During the second half of the 1st Century BC, it welcomed a new colony of veterans from the Octavian campaigns and from Antonio, and was finally included in the VI Augustea region (Umbria, Ager Gallicus).
It was destroyed during the Gothic War of Vitige (539), and retaken to be annexed to the Byzantine Empire by Belizario who promised its reconstruction (544). It therefore became a prosperous centre of Pentapoli Bizantina, resisting Longobard pressure, which only later managed to gain control (752). The City then lost control to the French, who conquered it, only to then concede it to the Church (774), under which it remained stable, governed by a Count nominated by the Pontificate. It was an important stronghold during the Communal Period, yet on numerous occasions feuding with neighbouring Fano for territorial regions, until it joined the Imperial side during the feuds between the Communes and Federico I. Brought back under the compliance of Pope Innocenzo III (1198), after another period of feuds with Fano, it was given by the Pontiff to Azzo VI d'Este, Marquis of Ancona, as a fee from the Church. The Ghibellina faction prevaling, the City was later given to Federico II. Around the end of the 13th Century, after another period of wars initiated between opposing factions, Pesaro became a dominion of the Malatesta, who keep it until the Albornoz brought back its stability under the power of the Pope (14th Century), but also leaving them the vicarship. The City was subsequently obtained by the Sforza. In the 1500’s though, Alessandro VI declared the decline of Giovanni Sforza and assigned the City to Cesare Borgia. In 1503, at the death of the Pope, Giovanni Sforza († 1510) re-entered Pesaro, but Pope Guilio II refused the investiture over his son, Giuseppe Maria, called Costanzo II, and attributed it to his own nephew, Francesco Maria Della Rovere, Duke of Urbino. These were temporarily private with the event of the Royal Papal Throne benediction of Leone X (1516), the Pope of the Medici family, who attributed Pesaro to his nephew Lorenzo II de’Medici, which passed on his death (1519) under the direct dominion of the Church. When Leone X died (1521), Francesco Maria Della Rovere, regained the investiture of Pesaro from Adriano VI and passed it on to his descendants until the extinction of the family (1631). From then on, the City passed under the direct dominion of the Church, following its destiny until the Renaissance period.
During the Second War of Independence, the Pontificate troops were concentrated in its defence, but on 11th September 1860, they were then capitulated under the Piemontesi armed forces led by General Cialdini.

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PESARO
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Marches (Marche) region of Italy

 

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