Morgantina
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MORGANTINA

An ancient Sicula (Sicilian) and Greek City, situated in the province of Enna and studied by the American Princeton University.
Morgantina was inhabited since the Bronze Age and was part of that which was called the Cultura di Castelluccio society, characterised by a tribal organisation who lived in huts and used particular tools in ceramic.
According to the legend of the City, it was instead founded during the 10th Century by the Morgeti (from which its name derives), a pre-Roman Italian population who were descendants of the Enotri, who previously lived in Central Italy and the drifted down to Calabria and Sicily during the 15th Century, founding various cities.
At the beginning of the 8th Century BC, the first Greek Calcidesi colonies arrived, who slowly took over administrative control of Western Sicily.
Ducezio, a Siculi commander, was opposed to these colonies and in 459 BC, destroyed Morgantina. After the exit of Ducezio 8450 BC), the City once again passed hands under Syracuse, giving it a period of maximum splendour under the tyrant Agatocle (300 BC).
Morgantina then sided with the Romans during the First Punic War and with the Carthaginians during the second. For this reason it was besieged and destroyed in 211 BC by propraetor Marco Cornelio Cetego. It then survived for a further 2 centuries until it was progressively abandoned at the beginning of the Imperial era. In the archaeological area, one can visit the remains of the Agorà with its Roman shops and Roman Gymnasium. Close to the Agorà, one can visit the Greek Theatre (4th Century). About a kilometre away from the archaeological site, on Monte Citadella, one can visit the remains of the Acropolis, the City which was destroyed by Ducezio during the 5th Century. In the vicinity of its walls there are a series of roomed tombs dug out in the rock.
During the Greek and Roman times, (from the 5th to the 2nd Century BC), Morgantina minted its own coinage, many of remarkable workmanship, which were recovered during digs, and which show the main events of the history of the City.

MORGANTINA
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